As a Canuck transplanted to the U.K. this struck me as something of a shocking statistic: 67% of U.S. voters would be “somewhat” or “very” uncomfortable with an atheist President. A tweep with an exponentially-better knowledge of, and sympathy for, U.S. history observed that this is in spite of some of the greatest American presidents in history being acknowledged agnostics and perhaps (implicitly) atheists. Why the radical growth in anxiety over this issue in more recent years? Or why, especially now, in the 3rd millennium is there such as stir about the religiosity of the President?
I’m not the sort for giving authoritative answers, or at the very least I’m the sort nowadays who is trying to curb severely his appetite for providing them. I’m simply struck by a similar voice which sounded during Western Christianity’s “drift into respectable Christianity” (to quote Peter Brown) in the later 3rd and 4th c. “Quid Athenae Hierosolymis” asked the rather hyperactive, intense, in-your-face-I’m-wearing-Christianity-on-my-sleeve Tertullian. “What has Athens to do with Jerusalem?” You know the sort — home-schooling the kids, hand-wringing over ungodly paganisation of religion, a certain subset of Fox News’ demographic, shall we say. It is important to read the phenomenon of Tertullian correctly. (Oops, there I go with that authoritative voice again. Forgive me.) Well to quote a better authority,
Tertullian’s rhetorical flourish … is evidence not so much of a tip of a submerged iceberg of hostility to secular culture as of a need felt to strengthens Christians’ sense of their separate identity at a time of rapid assimilation which seemed to pose a threat to it. Since that time Christians had moved even further towards accepting the values and the culture of their pagan contemporaries. In the later third century they were beginning to penetrate every level of Roman society and to assimilate the culture, life-styles and education of Roman townsmen. The conversion of Constantine and the ensuing flow of imperial favour did nothing to reverse this, but brought growing respectability, prestige and wealth. (Robert Markus, The End of Ancient Christianity, p. 27)
I can’t help but see certain analogous things at work within the American Empire. The growth of this (late-stage capitalist) empire’s hegemonic status and the concomitant neoliberalisation of all traditional institutions in it includes, of course, its various religious institutions and denominations. In fine, it is a period of the rapid assimilation of America’s various christianities to the normative value and culture of hegemonic capitalism. The assimilation is accompanied by prestige and influence shared by these christianities. The strong desire for a “Christian” president is basically a desire, as I see it, to meet a similar felt need, the need to strengthen a sense of Christian identity over against mere “godlessness” within the Christian subcultures that are already assimilated in their deep structures and values to that of the capitalist empire in which they reside. American Christians say therefore that they would feel “somewhat” or “very uncomfortable” with an atheist President. I believe that in reality an atheist President would make them feel “somewhat” or “very uncomfortable” with themselves, and in particular, their belief in what constitutes Christianity. It is much easier to avoid cognitive dissonance when one can simply believe that one’s commitment to the capitalist Empire is a shared value with one’s religion. A “Christian” president in today’s hegemonic empire facilitates this piety.













